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- <text id=94TT1593>
- <title>
- Nov. 21, 1994: Health:A No-Touch Therapy
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Nov. 21, 1994 G.O.P. Stampede
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- HEALTH, Page 88
- A No-Touch Therapy
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Critics attack a mystical hand-motion treatment spreading through
- nursing schools and hospitals
- </p>
- <p>By Leon Jaroff--Reported by Rita Healy/Denver and Jennifer Mattos/New York
- </p>
- <p> Keeping her hands a few inches away from her seated patient,
- nurse Janet Quinn moves them around his body from head to toe,
- as if she were brushing away cobwebs. At the end of each sweeping
- motion, her eyes closed, she makes a dismissive gesture, as
- if shaking water off from her fingertips.
- </p>
- <p> Quinn is giving "therapeutic touch" (TT), a controversial form
- of therapy that is spreading through the ranks of nursing and
- already claims tens of thousands of practitioners in the U.S.
- and many foreign countries. According to its proponents, TT
- not only comforts and relaxes patients, but also relieves pain,
- produces chemical changes in the blood and promotes healing.
- </p>
- <p> Or maybe, as its detractors contend, TT is a form of New Age
- mumbo jumbo, a no-touch laying on of hands that has no legitimate
- place in medicine. Leading the attack is Rocky Mountain Skeptics,
- a group of scientists and other professionals based in Boulder,
- Colorado, who investigate what they call "pseudo science." Its
- president, computer specialist Bela Scheiber, charges that TT
- is "paranormal and religious activity masquerading as science."
- </p>
- <p> Practitioners of TT claim that their hand motions actually smooth
- kinks or "congestion" in the "energy field" that surrounds every
- human being. And that, they say, is what makes the treatment
- work. As proof of TT's efficacy, they cite "scientific" reports
- in such obscure journals as Subtle Energies and Psychoenergetic
- Systems, as well as stories in popular magazines.
- </p>
- <p> Vern Bullough, a retired professor of nursing at the State University
- of New York, scoffs at these claims. "None of the research demonstrated
- that there's any effect," he says, "and many of the conclusions
- are subjective." He also notes that no evidence exists for a
- human energy field. Still TT seems to have gone mainstream.
- It is taught in nursing schools, practiced in hospitals and
- described matter-of-factly, without reservation, in Techniques
- in Clinical Nursing, a widely distributed textbook.
- </p>
- <p> In Toronto, where TT is practiced routinely in several hospitals,
- anyone seeking information about the technique can dial 65-TOUCH
- to reach the local TT network, which has 600 members in Ontario.
- At Denver's Presbyterian--St. Luke's Hospital, where nurses
- routinely practice TT, the staff has created a "Department of
- Energy." And at Bristol Hospital in Connecticut, a quarter of
- the caregivers have completed an in-house, 15-hour course in
- TT.
- </p>
- <p> Why do nurses take so readily to therapeutic touch? One reason,
- suggests Carla Selby, of the Rocky Mountain group, is that it's
- a form of empowerment for women who generally feel that they
- are second-class citizens in the medical profession--unappreciated
- and directed by (mostly male) doctors to perform largely scut
- work. Being allowed to practice TT in hospitals, she says, makes
- them feel more involved in the healing process. "I'm a feminist,"
- Selby says, "and I'm all for nurses getting out from under the
- thumbs of doctors. But this is exactly the wrong thing to do."
- </p>
- <p> But what's the harm? ask TT devotees, who seem bewildered by
- the flap. Kathy Butler, a Melbourne geneticist concerned about
- TT inroads into Australia, has one answer. "Health funding is
- in crisis," she says. "Surely valuable nursing hours are better
- used with scientifically proven, genuinely useful nursing methods."
- </p>
- <p> In the U.S. too, federal medical funding is getting tighter,
- but not for therapeutic touch. Over the past decade, the NIH
- has awarded at least $150,000 in grants for TT research; and
- the Department of Defense, through Uniformed Services University
- of the Health Sciences, has just awarded a University of Alabama
- researcher the largest TT grant yet: $355,000 to study the effects
- of the practice on burn patients. "What next for the DOD?" asks
- Scheiber. "Faith healing?"
- </p>
- <p> Despite the growing skepticism, TT practitioners show no reticence
- in discussing their work. "It's not something we do under the
- table," says Dolores Kreiger, who invented the technique in
- the 1970s as a professor at the New York University nursing
- school and claims to have taught it since then to some 45,000
- health professionals. "There is validity to therapeutic touch,"
- she insists. "Otherwise we would have been burned as witches
- long ago."
- </p>
- <p> Yet the steps for administering TT to a patient seem akin to
- witchcraft. As described by nurse Quinn, a leading advocate
- of the technique, they include "centering" within one's head,
- assessing which areas of the energy field feel "out of balance"
- with the rest of the field, clearing and mobilizing the energy
- field, and finally, "directing" energy to facilitate healing.
- Quinn admits, though, that "we don't have empirical data to
- demonstrate the existence of a personal energy field. It's a
- working hypothesis. In science, you're allowed to do that."
- </p>
- <p> Mystical talk of energy fields spurred the Rocky Mountain Skeptics
- to organize protests against the University of Colorado Center
- for Human Caring (C.H.C.), which appears to be a hotbed of the
- TT movement. There therapeutic touch is thriving despite appeals
- by the skeptics to the university, the state board of nursing
- and even the Colorado legislature to justify teaching the bizarre
- technique. A university committee, while acknowledging "methodological
- flaws" in TT, recommended retaining it in the curriculum, largely
- on the grounds of "academic freedom."
- </p>
- <p> Critics of TT concede that it can alleviate tension and anxiety.
- But Selby asks, "Why doesn't the nurse just come in and sit
- on the side of the patient's bed and talk, perhaps hold his
- hand? It would have the same effect." And in a column in the
- Toronto Star, Henry Gordon, a local skeptic, likened that relief
- to the placebo effect, which, he wrote, "makes TT no different
- from the laying on of hands." Dr. William Jarvis, president
- of the National Council Against Health Fraud, in Loma Linda,
- California, agrees: "I see therapeutic touch as a form of faith
- healing that has captured the imagination of a few nurses who
- happen to be in pretty powerful positions of influence within
- the nursing profession."
- </p>
- <p> Jarvis may have been referring to Jean Watson, who heads Colorado's
- C.H.C. and accepts TT, and to Quinn, an associate professor
- at the university's health sciences center. Quinn teaches TT
- courses, lectures widely and has also produced a $675 video
- called Therapeutic Touch: Healing Through Human Energy Fields,
- which the Manhattan-based National League for Nursing is promoting.
- </p>
- <p> The league, a major accreditor of nursing schools, will probably
- continue to lend its considerable clout to TT; its president-elect
- for 1995 is none other than Jean Watson.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-